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Swedish Innovation Policy - Success or a Paradox?
Bärtl, Štěpán ; Hořejšová, Tereza (advisor) ; Kasáková, Zuzana (referee)
The Master's thesis "Swedish innovation policy: success or paradox?" focuses on Sweden's public policy for innovation during the past two decades. It, however, deviates somewhat from the conventional notion that places Sweden in the forefront when it comes to innovation. On the contrary this study follows the line of thought that believes there is an imbalance between the inputs to innovation in terms of R&D investments, which are truly outstanding, and the economic outputs that have been rather unimpressive and could be higher. Using the innovation systems perspective, a theoretical framework that has grown popular with academics and policymakers alike, the thesis analyzes Sweden's innovation policy, aiming to find out, whether the government really performs the activities, that the innovation systems theory views as vital. While it can be said that the innovation policy truly fulfills a wide range of activities that the theory views as key, there is still room for improvement in several areas, due to which the innovation paradox is still in operation, albeit we can view it less as an acute problem but a rather an opportunity, which policy has not been able to capitalize on.
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EU Innovation Policy in the Czech Republic
Bartůšek, Pavel ; Urban, Luděk (advisor) ; Hubáček, Filip (referee)
The European Union (EU) puts more emphasis on innovation as a key means for regaining and maintaining competitiveness, a trait it lags behind in when compared to its main global competitors. It therefore possesses a range of tools designed to support innovative activities of firms and to improve the overall environment of innovation in the European Union and Member States. This thesis outlines/describes the major milestones in the development of innovation policies in the Czech Republic and the EU and focuses on supporting innovation in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the Czech Republic via measures derived from the EU's financial tools. Special emphasis is applied to the Operational Programme Entrepreneurship and Innovation (OPIE) that in the Czech Republic is the main tool used to support innovation in firms. The main problem areas that may pose barriers to active impact for this support are identified on the basis of programme documents, assessment reports, statistical data on the programmes and qualitative information yielded from interviews with firm representatives experienced in this type of support. With regard to the findings of this assessment, the thesis attempts to frame suggestions that can eliminate the identified shortcomings and recommendations that can form the position of...
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Innovation policy of Israel
Křivová, Petra ; Müller, David (advisor) ; Bolotov, Ilya (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to understand the innovation policy of Israel and find recommendations for innovation policy of Czech republic. The first chapter aims to define basic theoretical concepts of innovation and measurements of the efficiency of innovation policy and competitiveness of the economy as such. The second chapter analyzes the innovation policy of Israel, its origins, the factors causing innovative thinking, the government tools for the support of innovation and successful innovation projects. The final chapter contains a comparison of the innovative aspects of the two countries, evaluation of cooperation and inspiration for the Czech innovation system based on my research.
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The impact of Slovak innovation policy on trade balance
Stec, Valerián ; Gullová, Soňa (advisor) ; Štemberk, Jan (referee)
The topic of this thesis is to analyse the impact of Slovak innovation policy on trade balance. The aim of this thesis is to assess how Slovak Republic uses innovation policy instruments to support innovation and enhance competitiveness. I analyzed basic macroeconomic indicators, indicators of innovation performance comparison through the European Innovation Scoreboard and analysis of the trade balance. I evaluated Slovak innovation policy at the conclusion of the thesis.
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Innovation policy as part of Israel's export policy
Kuklicova, Lucia ; Gullová, Soňa (advisor) ; Klosová, Anna (referee)
The thesis deals with the innovation policy of Israel as part of its export policy and it is pointing out selected innovation policy in correct or incorrect manner. The first chapter presents the theoretical concept of innovation factors and their targets. The content of the second chapter is the historical development of the national economy, with a focus on its position within the Middle East. The third chapter is devoted to the leading export companies and as well as high tech products.
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Canada's Innovation Policy and its Impact on the Trade Balance
Řezáčková, Lucie ; Gullová, Soňa (advisor) ; Štemberk, Jan (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyse level and system of innovation policy in Canada and to assess the impact of this policy on the country's international trade and trade balance. The first chapter defines the terms innovation and innovation policy and describes the tools that are used for implementation of innovation policy. The second chapter describes the role of the government and the private sector in innovation policy and outlines Canada's most important institutions and organizations supporting research and development and associated federal programs. The purpose of the third chapter is a description of an economic development of Canada and the overall analysis of the innovation system. The last chapter analyses the international commodity and territorial trade and focuses primarily on export of high-tech products. Subsequently, it evaluates the impact of implementation of innovation policies on economic development and trade balance of Canada.
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Cluster Policy as a Part of Regional Innovation Policy
Beranová, Veronika ; Macháček, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Váchová, Daniela (referee)
The main objective of this thesis has been to answer the question, whether the cluster policy in the Moravian-Silesian Region is a proper part of the regional innovation policy and whether it is properly targeted within the context of the regional innovation policy. In other words whether there is an impact of cluster policy on research, development and innovation, or vice-versa on the fields that can eventually be considered harmful to the fair competition (e.g. activity of the cluster organisations in the field of joint procurement and enforcing of joint interests); and further whether the cluster policy measures contribute rather to dissolving of innovation barriers caused by lack of contact with the other companies and institutions (e.g. missing cooperation partner, low level of trust, missing technical equipment, missing know-how), or to dissolving innovation barriers which should be targeted by other means of the innovation policy (e.g. problems with financing of the innovation projects). An attempt to answer the questions was made in a survey among the members of the Moravian-Silesian cluster organisations. The results of the survey have confirmed the assumption, that the members of the cluster organisations see the activities in the field of networking and information and research, development and innovation as the most beneficial and that they have experienced the highest improvement in dissolving the following innovation barriers: missing cooperation partner, missing business related know-how and low level of trust. However, after a thorough analysis of the policy system and conduction of several structured interviews with the cluster managers, doubts concerning the impact on the "natural" clusters were stated. Based on these findings the further cluster promotion at the national and regional level proves to be eligible, but further research is necessary to examine, whether the activities of the cluster organisations really promote the "natural" clusters, what impact on the innovativeness and competitiveness they bring and whether the promotion is economically efficient.
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Innovation policy as the support of the Italian´s export
Procházka, Ondřej ; Gullová, Soňa (advisor) ; Klosová, Anna (referee)
The problem of the Italian economy of last years is the low economic growth and international competitiveness crisis of it's productive system. In already so belated europian train is the Italian economy among the lasts wagons. The main aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze Italian innovation policy and it's impact upon export. First chapter describes the term "innovation" and introduces the innovation policy in general. The second chapter analyzes contemporary economic characteristic of Italy in order to understand further issues, especially the development of essential macroeconomics indicators, the structure of Italian economy, the typology of firms and the anticrisis measures with the prediction of the further economic development. Third charter chapter analyzes contemporary main features of the Italian innovation policy: expenditures on reconstruction and development much like on education, describes human and risk capital, patents, scientific publications and technological balance of payments. It focuses also on the impact of the financial crisis upon the innovation activity, on the role of the government in the innovation policy, on it's evaluation with other europian countries and on the upcoming innovation strategies. The last fourth chapter concentrates on the analyze of influence of the innovation policy on the Italian's export. It focuses on the main govermental institutions concerned with export much like on the contemporary development of the Italian's commodity and territorial structure of export. The diploma thesis points out that Italy, as one of the moderate innovators, is not doing enough to become an innovation oriented economy. However Italian innovation policy is the most important instrument to reach this long term goal. Nevertheless Italy has maintained many reforms in its institutional basis or education system, there are still many shortcomings e.g. there is a strong need of evaluation of some old programs and further strengthening of innovation activity of small and medium sized enterprises, the same way as the increase of the government expenditures on all sectors of the innovation policy. The diploma thesis shows clearly that the innovation policy is one of the most important topics not only for Italy, but also for the rest of the world.
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Innovation Policy of the United Kingdom
Mikulášová, Elena ; Gullová, Soňa (advisor) ; Müllerová, Františka (referee)
The United Kingdom gives a great importance to innovation policy. Its aim is to raise the efficiency of production process and delivery of services. The state has adopted several measures to support technological advances and adoption of modern management styles by small and medium enterprises leading to high sustainable economic growth and high employment. My bachelor thesis is focused on the British innovation system and its impact on the economic development of the state. I present an overview of documents issued by the government with the aim of promoting innovative processes by creating appropriate policy, using public procurement of innovative solutions and delivering more effective public service. Furthermore, there is a comparison of the innovation activity of the United Kingdom with other nations. Finally, I consider the impact of innovation activities on the country's balance of payments.
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